Why Your Baby Needs Erythromycin Eye Ointment After Birth

Babies aren’t born with protection against diseases and infections. That’s why they receive important vaccines and medications shortly after birth. One of the medications recommended by the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) for all newbornsis erythromycin eye ointment. 

While some parents may not be familiar with erythromycin, Sangati Kadakia, M.D., new baby nursery pediatrician at Hackensack University Medical Center and pediatrician at Hackensack Children’s Health Medical Group, says it’s a medication that has been around for many years.

“The recommendation of the use of Erythromycin has been around since the 1950s. It is a very safe and effective medication that has been well studied in infants and adults. We commonly apply the ointment around newborns' eyes to help prevent infection after birth,” she says.

Dr. Kadakia answers some of the frequently asked questions parents have about Erythromycin. 

What Does Erythromycin Protect Against?

Erythromycin ointment is applied to newborns' eyelids shortly after birth to prevent bacterial conjunctivitis (pinkeye), which can cause permanent vision damage or blindness. It specifically protects against Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis, both of which are transmitted through the birth canal. 

Dr. Kadakia says even if the mother has tested negative for infection, the ointment is still given as a safety precaution. “In some cases, infections can be asymptomatic. We would rather proactively provide prophylaxis to babies since an untreated eye infection can lead to blindness in newborns within 24 hours,” she says. 

Are There Side Effects?

There are not many risks or side effects associated with erythromycin. Dr. Kadakia says the most common side effect is temporary eye irritation or blurred vision, which typically lasts only a few hours. She also says it’s worth noting that newborns have naturally blurred vision. 

Can I Delay Applying Erythromycin to My Baby?

You can delay applying erythromycin for a few hours after birth in order to prioritize bonding and skin-to-skin contact. However, Dr. Kadakia doesn’t recommend delaying it more than a few hours. 

“Because eye infections move quickly, we want to make sure we apply erythromycin within one to two hours after birth. It isn’t painful, and it will protect your baby's vision,” she says.

What Are the Risks of Refusing Erythromycin for My Child?

If you choose to decline erythromycin for your child, you will need to sign a medical waiver stating you understand the risks. Erythromycin prevents serious eye infections that can lead to severe eye damage and blindness. 

Dr. Kadakia says it’s also important to undergo a prenatal screening for gonococcal neonatorum ophthalmia. The screening is part of standard prenatal visits and includes a simple swab. 

Who Should I Talk to If I Have Questions About Erythromycin?

If you have questions or concerns about your baby receiving erythromycin, Dr. Kadakia says it’s important to speak to your OB-GYN or pediatrician. 

“Our primary goal is to protect your baby. Erythromycin, along with other medications and vaccines they receive at birth and throughout their childhood, is meant to keep them safe and healthy. We are here to answer any questions you have and partner with you in your child’s care,” she says.

Next Steps & Resources

• Meet our sources: Sangati Kadakia, M.D.
• Make an appointment online with a primary care provider near you, or call 800-822-8905.
• Learn more about pediatrics at Hackensack Meridian Children’s Health.