Dual Diagnosis: Addressing Mental Health & Substance Use Disorders Together

Do you know someone struggling with depression who finds temporary relief in alcohol or drugs? Or maybe someone grappling with anxiety who turns to substances to self-medicate?

These examples highlight the complicated relationship between mental health conditions and substance use disorders, which is known as dual diagnosis.

The Intersection of Mental Health and Substance Use

Sometimes mental health problems can lead people to use substances as a way to cope. And sometimes, using substances can make mental health problems worse. It's a tricky situation where one problem can make the other worse, and vice versa. 

As they struggle with substance use, people with dual diagnosis may also battle any of the following:

• Depression: Feeling sad and hopeless can lead to self-medication with substances.
• Anxiety: Worrying a lot can make people turn to drugs or alcohol to feel calmer.
• Bipolar disorder: Having mood swings can make it hard to resist using substances.
• Trauma and PTSD: Difficult experiences can lead to substance use as a way to cope.
• Schizophrenia: People with schizophrenia might use substances to manage their symptoms.
  
  

Effective Treatment Strategies for Dual Diagnosis

The good news is that there are ways to help people with dual diagnosis. Anatoliy Vasilov, M.D., an addiction psychiatrist at Carrier Clinic, emphasizes the importance of a comprehensive approach that addresses both the mental health condition and the substance use disorder simultaneously.

"We prefer to address both psychiatric and substance use disorder needs at the same time," Dr. Vasilov explains. "This typically leads to better treatment outcomes."

And the earlier a diagnosis is made and treatment begins, the better. Early intervention for dual diagnosis makes a huge difference.

"Early intervention is key," stresses Dr. Vasilov. "The sooner we can address both the mental health and substance use issues, the better the outcomes will be."

Effective treatment strategies often include:

• Medication: Doctors prescribe medicines to help manage both mental health conditions and substance use disorders.
• Therapy: Talking to a therapist can help people understand their problems, develop coping skills and make healthy choices.
• Support groups: Connecting with others who have similar experiences can provide valuable support and encouragement.
• Holistic approaches: Things like mindfulness, exercise and healthy eating can also help with recovery.
  
  

Supporting Someone with a Dual Diagnosis

Being there for a loved one with a dual diagnosis often isn’t easy, but it’s rewarding in the long run. Here are some tips to help you provide the best support possible:

1. Offer unconditional love and support: Let your loved one know that you're there for them, no matter what. As hard as it may be, try to avoid judgment and criticism, and focus on providing a safe and supportive environment. This helps to keep the lines of communication open.
2. Encourage professional help: Encourage them to seek help from a qualified mental health professional who specializes in dual diagnosis. A professional can provide personalized guidance and treatment.
3. Educate yourself: Knowledge is power. Learn about dual diagnosis, the underlying causes and effective treatment options. This knowledge can help you better understand your loved one's experiences and provide informed support.
4. Avoid enabling behaviors: While it's natural to want to help, avoid enabling behaviors that may inadvertently contribute to the problem. For example, if your loved one is struggling to pay bills due to their substance use, you might feel the need to help by paying their bills for them. While this might seem like a kind gesture, it could inadvertently enable their substance use. Instead, encourage accountability and responsibility.
5. Get (and stay) involved: Family therapy is often beneficial for the person with a dual diagnosis and their loved ones. It provides a safe space to discuss challenges, learn coping strategies and improve communication.
6. Set realistic expectations: Accept that recovery may take time and setbacks are possible. Celebrate small victories and be patient with your loved one's progress.
7. Encourage healthy lifestyle habits: Promote healthy habits like regular exercise, a balanced diet and adequate sleep. These can significantly impact overall well-being and recovery.
8. Join a support group: Connecting with other people who are also supporting loved ones with a dual diagnosis can help you get invaluable support, understanding and advice.
9. Take care of yourself: Remember to prioritize your own mental and physical health. Caring for someone with a dual diagnosis is hard on your emotions. Make time for self-care activities to avoid burnout.
10. Seek additional support: If you're feeling overwhelmed or need more support, consider reaching out to a therapist or counselor for help.
    
    

"The National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI) provides more help for family members who are dealing with their loved ones who have a dual diagnosis,” adds Dr. Vasilov. 

If you or someone you know has a dual diagnosis, remember that there's hope. With the right support and treatment, recovery is possible. Don't hesitate to reach out to a mental health professional or a support group for guidance.

Next Steps & Resources

• Meet our expert: Anatoliy Vasilov, M.D.
• To make an appointment with a doctor near you, call 800-822-8905 or visit our website.
• Learn more about our behavioral health and psychiatry services.

The material provided through HealthU is intended to be used as general information only and should not replace the advice of your physician. Always consult your physician for individual care.